It is when two consequtive shots are taken from different camera positions.This makes it look as if the person or object has 'jumped' to a different position which doesn't look right.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jump_cut
Over-The-Shoulder Shot:
This is a shot of a person or an object over the shoulder of another person, the back of the shoulder and head of this person is used in the shot.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Over_the_shoulder_shot
Cutaway:
A cutaway shot is a shot of something other than the main subject. It could be a different part of the subject for example the shot could show the persons hands instead of their face.
http://www.mediacollege.com/video/shots/cutaway.html
Point of View Shot:
This shot shows what the subject is looking at. The camera acts as the person.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_of_view_shot
This picture is an example of a jump cut.
This picture is an example of an over-the-shoulder shot.
This picture is an example of a cutaway shot.
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